By Emily C. Harrison MS, RD, LD
www.dancernutrition.com

The holidays are nearly upon us.  With them comes an abundance of delicious high calorie foods like chocolate. Usually thought of as the classic high calorie junk food, you’ll be happy to hear that chocolate actually has some health benefits.

Can dancers enjoy chocolate and still look great in tights?

Certainly! Chocolate can be a part of an overall healthy diet.  Here’s how and why:

Chocolate, like many plant based foods, is packed with health promoting flavonoids¹. The cocoa beans come from the pod of a cacao tree (Theobroma Cacao). They are harvested from the pods, fermented, dried, and then sold for processing into the many yummy products we have come to love.  It takes over 400 beans to make only one pound of chocolate.  Given the high global demand, you can imagine what a difference it can make to buy sustainably sourced and fair traded chocolate².

The flavonols in dark chocolate have real science to back up the health claims.  A review article that analyzed data from 1297 participants found that cocoa improved insulin resistance, improved the flow rate of blood in the cardiovascular system, and showed a beneficial effect on LDL cholesterol³ (the bad kind).  Another review reported that multiple studies showed lowered blood pressure and improved cholesterol in spite of the fact that chocolate contains fat and sugar ⁴.  The studies that showed health promoting results were consistently completed with participants eating high quality cocoa or dark chocolate, not milk chocolate or a low quality chocolate flavoring that is mostly sugar or worse – corn syrup. So your source of chocolate matters!

Since chocolate can be a significant source of fat and sugar, how can it be a part of a healthy dancers diet?

According to the Journal of the American Dietetic Association, women who were in a trial to lose weight who included a dark chocolate snack in their meal plan still lost weight and showed improvements in body composition⁵.  The researchers suggested that having a small amount of chocolate was associated with better satisfaction and thus the participants were able to stick to their dietary plans⁵.

Many dancers don’t need to lose weight, but just maintain their instrument. Occasionally eating quality chocolate, in moderation, isn’t going to cause significant weight change.  Certainly dancers want to watch their sources of sugar, and be mindful of where extra calories come from, but you still can get positive health effects from just moderate consumption of chocolate.  Since dancers need to choose their calories wisely, they will be happy to know that the benefits to the cardiovascular system were demonstrated regardless of dose³. Which means that a little bit of good quality chocolate eaten semi-regularly can still give health benefits.  If you love chocolate and can’t even think about giving it up just to look great on stage, that’s fine! The body can handle small amounts of extra treat calories if eaten between meals and if dancers make smart choices about where the other daily calories come from.  If you allow yourself to eat just a little chocolate on occasion, you are much less likely to binge later.

While some studies have shown heart health benefits, chocolate like other holiday favorites, should still be enjoyed in moderation.  Flavonoids can also be found in foods like grapes, apples and blueberries – there are plenty of other great sources of these health promoting polyphenols.  If most of the time you eat a wide variety of colorful fruits and veggies, then a little dark chocolate can be a part of your Nutcracker survival plan.

Wishing you healthy holidays from Emily at the Centre for Dance Nutrition and Healthy Lifestyles, Atlanta.

Emily Harrison
Emily Cook Harrison MS, RD, LD
Emily is a registered dietitian and holds both a bachelor’s and master’s degree in nutrition from Georgia State University. Her master’s thesis research was on elite level ballet dancers and nutrition and she has experience providing nutrition services for weight management, sports nutrition, disordered eating, disease prevention, and food allergies. Emily was a professional dancer for eleven years with the Atlanta Ballet and several other companies. She is a dance educator and the mother of two young children. She now runs the Centre for Dance Nutrition and Healthy Lifestyles. She can be reached at emily@dancernutrition.com www.dancernutrition.com

Sources:
1. Bauer S, et al. Cocoa consumption, cocoa flavonoids, and effects on cardiovascular risk factors: an evidence-based review. Current Cardiovas Risk Reports. 2011;5:120-127.

2. The Rainforest Alliance. www.rainforest-alliance.org

3. Hooper L, Kay C, Abdelhamid A, Kroon PA, Cohn JS, Rimm EB, Cassidy A. Effects of chocolate, cocoa, and flavan-3-ols on cardiovascular health: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials.   Am J Clin Nutr. 2012 Mar;95(3):740-51. Epub 2012 Feb 1.

4. Tokede OA, Gaziano JM, Djoussé L.   Effects of cocoa products/dark chocolate on serum lipids: a meta-analysis.  Eur J Clin Nutr. 2011.  Aug;65(8):879-86. doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2011.64.

5. Piehowski KE, et al. A reduced calorie dietary pattern including a daily sweet snack promotes body weight reduction and body composition improvements in premenopausal women who are overweight or obese: a pilot study. J Am Diet Assoc. 2011;111:1198-1203.

Top Photo: © Fantasista | Dreamstime.com

By Emily C. Harrison MS, RD, LD
www.dancernutrition.com

Food trends come and go, and the latest fad involves avoiding or limiting dairy.  Milk and all dairy products have been historically considered nature’s perfect food, but some nutrition researchers don’t believe that this is true.   Current US government recommendations are to consume three servings of dairy per day.  Is that what the body really needs or is that what the dairy industry wants?   Here, I aim to briefly present both sides of the argument so dancers can make a more informed decision for themselves.

The Good Side of Dairy
One cup of 1% fat milk has only 100 calories but a full serving of protein. Whey and Casein are the two main proteins in milk.  Other key nutrients found in dairy products are calcium, phosphorus and potassium, and many milks are fortified with vitamins A and D. These are important nutrients for dancers, and whey protein has been shown to help in recovering from a strenuous workout.   Some studies have suggested that milk products can help with weight loss when coupled with a healthy diet and exercise.  Probiotics added to yogurt are immune boosting and good for gastrointestinal health.

Some Problems with Dairy
Nutrition researcher  T. Colin Campbell, PhD recently published his book “The China Study” in which he presents numerous studies that not only demonstrate that milk is not nature’s perfect food but that it is actually linked to serious health problems.  He presents evidence suggesting a link between the milk protein casein and cancer in animal studies and in large population studies.  Other studies show a relationship between dairy products and decreased immune function, more ear infections in children, and higher risk for autoimmune diseases such as Type-I diabetes and Multiple Sclerosis.   In practice, I see some nutrition clients choose to avoid dairy because it makes their stomachs hurt or because they have philosophical or environmental objections to how cows are treated or given hormones and antibiotics.

Protein
Some people consider the protein content of dairy to be a good reason to consume dairy products or whey protein supplements. These proteins are excellent sources of muscle building amino acids, however, most dancers get plenty of protein through diet alone.  Excessive protein intake, particularly through animal protein or supplemental protein shakes or pills, has been associated with calcium loss in the body. Since dancers are already at high risk for stress fractures, the last thing you want to do is encourage your body to pull calcium out of the bones by consuming more protein than the body needs.

Bone Health
Dairy alone isn’t the magic answer we had hoped for in preventing weak bones.  Yes, calcium is a very important mineral for dancers. But it is also found in leafy greens, broccoli, almonds, almond milk, sesame seeds, soy milk, and tofu. Dancers need to make sure they eat a variety of calcium sources every day and not just rely on dairy.  These plant-based foods are also immune boosters and may help prevent disease.  So if you are sensitive to dairy, be mindful to get calcium from other sources.

Dairy Allergy
One of the most common food allergies or intolerances is to cows’ milk.  An intolerance is an inability to digest the milk sugar lactose. The body might get stomach pain or gas because it doesn’t produce adequate lactase enzyme.   However, an allergy is an immune reaction to a protein in milk.  Some people can be very sensitive to these proteins and some may not even know it.  Atopic eczema is one example of an immune system reaction to food allergy.

If dancers do choose to consume dairy products, I do recommend limiting consumption. Choose a variety of calcium sources and low fat options, and never consuming raw or unpasteurized milk.

For further reading see:
Campbell TC, Campbell TM. The China Study. BenBella Books, Dallas Texas. 2006.

Emily Harrison
Emily Cook Harrison MS, RD, LD
Emily is a registered dietitian and holds both a bachelor’s and master’s degree in nutrition from Georgia State University. Her master’s thesis research was on elite level ballet dancers and nutrition and she has experience providing nutrition services for weight management, sports nutrition, disordered eating, disease prevention, and food allergies. Emily was a professional dancer for eleven years with the Atlanta Ballet and several other companies. She is a dance educator and the mother of two young children. She now runs the Centre for Dance Nutrition and Healthy Lifestyles. She can be reached at emily@dancernutrition.com www.dancernutrition.com

Top Photo: © Valentyn75 | Dreamstime.com

By Emily C. Harrison MS, RD, LD

Even mild dehydration can affect performance.  Staying hydrated is extremely important to a dancer’s performance because the first signs of dehydration are fatigue and poor balance.  Thirst actually only kicks in after the body has lost 1-2 liters of water. If you are thirsty then you are already dehydrated.

The science:

Water makes up approximately 60% of body weight and is the largest component of the human body.  The muscles we work so hard to develop as dancers (skeletal muscles) are about 73% water, your blood is about 93% water and even bones and teeth contain some water. Water is critical for maintaining homeostasis within the body and important in the thousands of biochemical and physiological functions our bodies go through every day. Water aids in digestion and is important in the transport and elimination systems of the body.

Overheating and performance:

It’s important for dancers to know that being properly hydrated helps keep the body from overheating. Helping the body promote heat loss when dancing full out will improve athletic performance and aid in recovery. This is especially important for dancers wearing hot costumes and performing under stage lights. Sweat losses during performance can be significantly more than during rehearsal of the same piece. This is why drinking regularly (even small, regular sips) is an important habit during a show.

How much is really needed? Can a dancer get fluids from other things besides water?

The American College of Sports Medicine recommends that athletes (we all know that dancers are athletes) start their exercise already hydrated with about 17 ounces of beverage taken before you begin. Then drink 5-10 ounces every 20 minutes or so. This means that your reusable water bottle should be your constant companion in the studio or backstage.  Every dancer is a little different but pre-professional and professional level dancers should aim for about 2800-3500ml (94-117 oz) of fluids every day.  That’s about 12 – 15 cups.  About 20-25% will come from foods like fruits and veggies, but about 80% comes from what you drink.  Aim to get most of your fluids through water, but juices, sports beverages, and even tea and coffee can be counted toward that goal. Some dancers find that mixing 50% sports beverage with 50% water in their reusable bottles helps them get through long rehearsals or classes. This is because sports beverages contain a source of readily available energy (calories) and electrolytes that are lost in sweat.

But I want something besides just water…..

Prevent dehydration by eating lots of fruits and veggies.  Consider melon, squash, oranges, apples, pears, grapes, leafy greens and salads in addition to beverages like tea, whole fruit popsicles, sports beverages, smoothies, soy milk, almond milk, and yogurts.

What about caffeine?

Caffeine makes us more awake and is known to enhance athletic performance. But there can be too much of a “good” thing.  Caffeine is a central nervous system stimulant, not a source of energy.  Yes, caffeine can also promote water loss and dancers should limit caffeine, but those beverages can still count toward your daily intake. I always recommend limiting or avoiding sodas. They are empty calorie bombs and can make bones weaker.  One cup of coffee is fine, but being overly jittery doesn’t help your dancing.

So be good to your body and good to the earth by taking your reusable water bottle with you everywhere and refilling it often.
Emily Harrison
Emily Cook Harrison MS, RD, LD
Emily is a registered dietitian and holds both a bachelor’s and master’s degree in nutrition from Georgia State University. Her master’s thesis research was on elite level ballet dancers and nutrition and she has experience providing nutrition services for weight management, sports nutrition, disordered eating, disease prevention, and food allergies. Emily was a professional dancer for eleven years with the Atlanta Ballet and several other companies. She is a dance educator and the mother of two young children. She now runs the Centre for Dance Nutrition and Healthy Lifestyles. She can be reached at emily@dancernutrition.com www.dancernutrition.com

By Emily C. Harrison MS, RD, LD

1. Eat more vegetables

I can’t stress the importance of this strongly enough.  Aim for at least 4 servings per day, and the more colorful your selection the better.  Vegetables contain important bioactive compounds such as phytonutrients like polyphenols, flavonoids, carotenoids and lycopene. These are powerful cancer fighters.  Dancers can’t go wrong with eating more vegetables. Veggies are low calorie, low fat, high in fiber, and high in vitamins and minerals such as vitamin C, folic acid and selenium.

2. Eat more fruits

Fruits also contain the cancer fighting phytonutrients listed above. Fruit is the ultimate convenience snack. It is easily portable, tasty, and many varieties don’t need refrigeration. Throw an apple or orange in your dance bag today. Keep a bowl of washed grapes in your fridge for healthy snacking when you want something quick.  Fruit is delicious, easy, low calorie and packed with nutrients. Try to get your fruit from the whole fruit and limit or avoid sugary juices.

3. Reduce your consumption of meat

Eating a plant based diet has been shown again and again to reduce risk for cancers, not to mention the risk of heart disease and diabetes. The American Dietetic Association states that vegetarian diets can be healthy for persons of all ages and activity levels and may prevent certain diseases.   It is entirely possible to eat a more plant based diet if you are a dancer or other athlete. Get important nutrients like protein, iron and zinc from a well varied diet that includes beans, nuts, seeds, whole grains, and vegetables.  Dancers need slightly more protein and iron, but high meat intakes and excessive heme iron (from meat) may actually increase cancer risk.  Beans and leafy greens contain iron and these foods help fight cancer.  If you are a vegan you will need to supplement your diet with B12. Plant based diets also help reduce greenhouse gases and are better for the environment.  If you are interested, talk to a registered dietician about planning well balanced plant based meals.

4. Stop smoking now!

Seriously, enough said.  Not smoking is one of the single most important things you can do for your health and the health of those who breathe the air around you.

5. Lose the extra pounds if you are overweight

Excess weight is a major risk factor for many different cancers.  The Center for Science in the Public Interest recently reported that putting on weight when younger (in your 20s or 30s) as opposed to later in life can increase risk for endometrial cancer.  Preventing or delaying weight gain can pay off in lower cancer risk.  Meeting with a registered dietitian can help you develop a plan that you can stick to long term. It’s not about losing a few pounds quickly, real health comes from lifestyle changes that you can live with over time.  Start off by limiting portion sizes and eating more veggies, then gradually add more steps until you reach your goals.

6. Eat more naturally and limit processed foods

I know we are all busy, but dancers have to be judicious about what they feed their bodies. Processed foods (including soft drinks) are not only more expensive, but usually pack a high calorie punch.  They can contain preservatives, additives, high-fructose corn syrup, and other unhealthy stuff that dancers don’t need. Buy foods in bulk, make big portions when cooking and freeze the extra. Invest in a slow cooker so you can throw some ingredients in and it will be all ready when you come home from a long day.

7. Get adequate vitamin D, but don’t mega dose

As dancers we all know the importance of vitamin D in strong bone density (preventing stress fractures). But you may not know that vitamin D has been shown to also be cancer protective.  For the dancers that I work with, I typically recommend getting approximately 800 IU per day.  That may mean having to supplement for dancers who are avoiding dairy. Getting 10-15 minutes of sun can be a good source too, but of course we don’t want to increase our skin cancer risk by baking in the sun for too long. If you supplement, be careful not to mega dose. Vitamin D can be toxic in high amounts.

8. Exercise regularly

Most dancers get plenty of exercise, but if you are recovering from an injury or if you are a former dancer it helps to schedule exercise just like you would schedule anything else.  Try something new or out of your comfort zone like a different style of dance, martial arts, yoga, or rock climbing. If you are currently dancing regularly; swimming or pilates can be great activities for cross training on days off.

9. Limit alcoholic beverages

New reports from the US National Institutes of Health state that women who have one drink per day can increase their breast cancer risk by 5%. Heavier drinking can increase risk by as much as 50%. Women who have a strong family history of breast cancer should avoid drinking altogether.  Another consideration for dancers is that even one drink can negatively affect athletic performance for several days after consumption.

10. Avoid BPA in canned foods and plastic containers, and don’t microwave food in plastic

BPA is a building block of plastics and exposure (especially in children) may increase cancer risk.  BPA can be found in some plastic containers and in the lining inside cans. The Center for Science in the Public Interest, The Environmental Working Group, and the Harvard School of Public Health all warn of the dangers of exposure to BPA. Try using glass containers to store food, or look for “BPA free” if you must use plastic. We can all benefit from less plastic in our lives.  Plus eating fresh is always better.

Emily Harrison
Emily Cook Harrison MS, RD, LD
Emily is a registered dietitian and holds both a bachelor’s and master’s degree in nutrition from Georgia State University. Her master’s thesis research was on elite level ballet dancers and nutrition and she has experience providing nutrition services for weight management, sports nutrition, disordered eating, disease prevention, and food allergies. Emily was a professional dancer for eleven years with the Atlanta Ballet and several other companies. She is a dance educator and the mother of two young children. She now runs the Centre for Dance Nutrition and Healthy Lifestyles. She can be reached at emily@dancernutrition.com www.dancernutrition.com

Sources and additional information can be found at:

Alcohol and cancer risk:  www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/news/fullstory_123484.html

BPA:/www.hsph.harvard.edu/news/press-releases/2011-releases/bpa-exposure-behavioral-difficulties.html

The Environmental Working Group: www.ewg.org

www.ewg.org/meateatersguide/

Plant based diets and disease prevention: The Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine www.pcrm.org

Scarborough P, Allender S, Clarke D, Wickramasinghe K, Rayner M.  Plant based diets and the environment: Modelling the health impact of environmentally sustainable dietary scenarios in the UK. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2012 Apr 11

Campbell T C, Campbell TM.  The China Study. Ben Bella Books, 2009.

ADA position statement on vegetarian diets: www.eatright.org/about/content.aspx?id=8357

Murphy MM, Barraj LM, Herman, D, Xiaoyu BI, Cheatham R, Randolph RK. Phytonutrient intake by adults in the United States in relation to fruit and vegetable consumption.  Journal of the American Dietetic Association. Feb, 2012.

Link A, Balaguer F, Goel A. Cancer chemoprevention by dietary polyphenols: promising role for epigenetics. Biochem Pharmacol. 2010 Dec 15;80(12):1771-92

Krishnan AV, Trump DL, Johnson CS, Feldman D.The role of vitamin d in cancer prevention and treatment. Rheum Dis Clin North Am. 2012 Feb;38(1):161-78.

Photo: © Braden Gunem | Dreamstime.com

By Emily Cook Harrison MS, RD, LD.

The Glycemic Index is a tool that gives a numerical value to a specific amount of food based on how it affects your body’s blood sugar and insulin over a specific time period.  Foods with lower numbers don’t spike blood sugar as much as ones with higher numbers and provide more sustained energy.

Why does this matter to dancers?
Dancers who eat foods low on the GI tend to have more sustained energy overtime and more endurance. Not only can low GI foods improve performance, but when eaten before exercise they can help you feel more satisfied and may even help you burn more fat.  Whole grains, fruits, vegetables, beans, and peas are all considered good choices.

How to keep a low GI diet
Consider the importance of lowering the GI of your entire diet as a whole instead of picking out foods individually. Basically that means eat more whole foods. When low GI foods are consumed as part of an overall diet, there is a lower insulin response and better glucose control. A low GI diet as a whole helps you feel more satisfied after eating and leads to less overeating.  It is also important to eat smaller more frequent meals for good blood sugar control, to feel great, and to dance stronger.

GI facts

• The GI is a numerical index used to describe how a carbohydrate is metabolized/ absorbed and its effect on blood glucose and insulin levels.
• Consuming low GI carbs before endurance exercise results in increased fat oxidation during exercise in trained men and women.
• Participants in a J. Nutr study reported feeling full following lunch in a low GI trial.
• Consuming a low GI breakfast increases fat oxidation during exercise and improves satiety during recovery.  (J. Nutr. 139: 890–897, 2009).

Low GI food choices (better choices)

Whole grain/ high fiber breads
Brown rice, basmati rice
Oatmeal
Quinoa
Bran/ high fiber, WG cereals
Pasta (especially whole grain)
Most fruits
Most vegetables
Beans/ legumes
Nuts, seeds
Milk, dairy, soy

High GI foods  (not the best choices)

White rice
White bread
Sugar, honey, candy
Cornflakes, Cheerios, Rice Krispies, Coco Puffs
Waffles, Pop-tarts
Baked potato, mashed potatoes
Pretzels
Baked goods, cakes, pies, muffins
Sugary drinks, sodas

Emily Harrison
Emily Cook Harrison MS, RD, LD
Emily is a registered dietitian and holds both a bachelor’s and master’s degree in nutrition from Georgia State University. Her master’s thesis research was on elite level ballet dancers and nutrition and she has experience providing nutrition services for weight management, sports nutrition, disordered eating, disease prevention, and food allergies. Emily was a professional dancer for eleven years with the Atlanta Ballet and several other companies. She is a dance educator and the mother of two young children. She now runs the Centre for Dance Nutrition and Healthy Lifestyles. She can be reached at emily@dancernutrition.com www.dancernutrition.com

Resources:
www.glycemicindex.com
www.health.harvard.edu/newsweek/Glycemic_index_and_glycemic_load_for_100_foods.htm
http://lpi.oregonstate.edu/infocenter/foods/grains/gigl.html

Published by Dance Informa digital dance magazine – dance news, dance auditions & dance events.

Top photo: © Dreamstimepoint | Dreamstime.com

How much, what kind, and when?

By Emily C. Harrison MS, RD, LD

Do dancers need extra protein? Do they need to use powders, drinks, shakes or amino acid supplements or should they just eat more?  In the wake of the highly misguided “low carb” craze and in light of all the recent headlines about how  eating too much meat and dairy can increase risk for long term diseases…what is a dancer to do?  How much is enough, what kind of protein is best, and does timing matter?

How Much?

Yes, dancers need more protein than the average non-athletic person, particularly if they are still growing adolescents.   However, it is important that we get away from this incorrect idea that most of our food should be protein and that we should avoid carbohydrates. Protein is important, but too much protein is actually harmful to the body.  Everyone is a little different, but it is recommended for athletes that 12-15% of total calories should come from protein.

What does that mean exactly?

Everyone’s caloric needs vary, but if a dancer needs approximately 2000 calories a day, then they need about 60-75 grams of protein in their diet. (This is an average and not intended to be the amount for all).  

Here are examples:

A 115 lb female dancer needs about 60-78 grams of protein each day.
A 170 lb male dancer needs about 90-108 grams
There’s a range because different dancers have different activity levels and therefore need more calories.

Real food examples of protein content:  

What Kind?

Unless a dancer is dieting or restricting calories (which I generally don’t recommend), they can easily meet their protein needs through food alone. Supplemental protein is expensive and unnecessary. In general, people in the U.S., including athletes, get far more protein than they need. It is a myth that you need to load up on protein powders, drinks, or bars or that it should form the bulk of your food intake. Carbs are actually far more important fuel for working dancers. Protein drinks and bars can be convenient for busy dancers, but it is always better to get nutrients through real food. Research shows that the risk for long-term disease such as stroke, diabetes, heart disease, and cancer is significantly decreased when the majority of protein consumption comes from plant-based foods. Some examples are beans, peas, lentils, nuts, seeds, grains, and of course vegetables.  Whey protein (isolated from cow’s milk) has been in the news lately as good for recovery.  Some whey protein supplements, such as in a recovery beverage, might help dancers bounce back on a heavy show weekend, but there can always be too much of a good thing. 

When?

The body is better able to utilize protein when it is eaten in moderate regular doses throughout the day and also post workout.
Try to divide up total daily dietary protein into regular meals and snacks. For example, a professional level dancer would need to eat a little protein (10-20 grams) every 2-3 hours during the work day.  Aim for at least 6 small meals/ snacks per day.

Try to eat 10-20 grams of protein with a balanced meal within 1 hour post-exercise. However, some studies show that the body’s muscle building/repair response will still occur if the protein is eaten within 24 hours of exercise.  

According to K. Tipton PhD “there is a limit to the amount of protein that will effectively increase the anabolic response”. Essentially, when an athlete eats up to approximately 20 grams of protein at one sitting then it may be used to build muscle, but there is no difference in muscle response when given 20-40 grams at a time. So it seems that protein loading doesn’t do any good. When total dietary protein is ingested in small, frequent amounts throughout the day then the body responds much better and can utilize it for what protein is meant for.  Eating beyond the body’s capacity to use it, means it gets stored as fat or used as fuel. And the body doesn’t really like to use protein as a fuel source.  

Excess protein…what’s the problem with eating too much?

When protein is used as fuel, particularly when there is not enough carb or fat in the diet, it is hard on the body and can actually do more harm than good. Here’s why:

• The body doesn’t like to use protein as fuel or energy. The body wants to spare valuable protein for muscle building, making hormones, enzymes, controlling fluid balance, etc.
• Excess protein means excess nitrogen, a part of protein (amino acids) that must be removed. This can be hard on the kidneys. More importantly water gets excreted in this process and can lead to dehydration. 
• High protein diets can lead to more calcium being lost from the bones, a big problem for dancers who are at higher than average risk for stress fractures.  Protein overload = weaker bones.

Emily Cook Harrison MS, RD, LD 
Emily is a registered dietitian and holds both a bachelor’s and master’s degree in nutrition from Georgia State University. Her master’s thesis research was on elite level ballet dancers and nutrition and she has experience providing nutrition services for weight management, sports nutrition, disordered eating, disease prevention, and food allergies.  Emily was a professional dancer for eleven years with the Atlanta Ballet and several other companies. She is a dance educator and the mother of two young children. She now runs the Centre for Dance Nutrition and Healthy Lifestyles.   She can be reached at emily@dancernutrition.com    www.dancernutrition.com  

Resources:
- Joint Position Statement American College of Sports Medicine, American Dietetic Association, Dietitians of Canada. Nutrition and Athletic Performance. Medicine and Science in Sports & Exercise. 2009;41(3):709-731.
- Kevin D. Tipton.  Protein Nutrition and Exercise: What is the latest?  SCAN’s Pulse spring 2011, vol. 30, no2.
- T. Colin Campbell. The China Study. Benbella Books Inc. Dallas, TX 2006
- USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard reference.  www.nal.usda.gov/fnic/foodcomp/search/

Top photos: Dreamstime